What Is a Scupper in Pool Design?
Traditionally used on boats and buildings to drain rainwater and prevent moisture damage, scuppers have become popular additions to residential and commercial pools for their unrivaled balance of form and function. But what is a scupper and how does it fit into pool design? This guide will explore the practical and aesthetic applications of scuppers and help you better understand which type might be right for your pool or spa.
What does a scupper do for a pool?
At its heart, a pool scupper is a feature that enables open-air water flow, enhancing the full sensory experience of peaceful, flowing water. Here’s how these elements seamlessly blend form and function to reduce your workload and refine the vibe of your backyard retreat:
Transfers water
The primary purpose of a scupper is to move water throughout your pool’s ecosystem. For example, it might drain water from a raised spa, catch basin, conductor head, or building wall into your primary swimming pool.
However, it’s important to note that a pool scupper won’t drain excess water from your pool or deck. If you’re concerned about standing water in your pool area, consider installing a deck drainage system.
Circulates and aerates
Water is naturally infused with oxygen as it passes through scupper holes and spouts, which helps improve aeration, prevent stagnant water, and maintain slightly lower temperatures. This process helps alleviate some of the pressure on your filtration system and may boost your overall water quality.
Enhances the ambience
Of course, the sensory appeal is what really makes a pool scupper so alluring to many homeowners. These features bring the sights, sounds, and tactile sensations of a tranquil stream or cascading waterfall to your own backyard. If you’re searching for a way to drown out noise pollution and perfect your pool’s ambiance, scuppers might be the ultimate solution.
Types of swimming pool scuppers
You’ll find several types of pool scuppers that work seamlessly with various pool designs, aesthetic preferences, and architectural features. Here are a few of the most common styles:
Sheer descent
Sleek and modern, a sheer descent pool scupper creates a smooth, uniform sheet of water that complements contemporary designs. These water features are often incorporated into a parapet wall or spillway, generating a consistent, visually striking flow of water and a soft, soothing sound.
Sheer descent scuppers are a popular choice for chic spaces and luxury swimming pools.
Spillway
If you have a raised spa or multi-level aquatic setup, a spillway can bring cohesion to your pool area by creating a continuous flow between zones. This design typically creates a waterfall effect, enhancing visual appeal and effectively masking noise pollution.
Spout
While sheer descents and spillways are often designed as waterfalls, scupper spouts channel smaller amounts of water through a narrow opening or decorative pipe. There’s a wide range of stylistic variation among these accessories, making it easy to match your pool’s aesthetic.
Bubbler
A bubbler isn’t your average pool scupper. Instead, it’s a hybrid feature that’s part scupper and part fountain. Bubblers are installed in the swimming pool, either on a shelf, step, or shallow area, and create a small fountain that swells gently out of the water. These scuppers lend a spa-like effect to any pool or spa and look great with strategically placed LED lighting.
What to consider with scupper designs
Now that you know what a pool scupper is, let’s dive deeper into your design choices. Different types of pool scupper systems require varying degrees of time, money, and construction. Here are a few factors that affect the installation process:
Materials
The materials you select for your pool scupper should be durable and rated for constant water exposure. But it’s also important to think of the aesthetics. After all, these water features make a visible impact, so opt for furnishings that complement your existing space. There are many options to choose from, including:
- Copper
- Bronze or brass
- Stainless steel
- Powder-coated aluminum
- Natural stone or tile
If you’re installing a scupper on a wall, the existing fascia will impact your material choice. Solid masonry can accommodate heavier fixtures, while a thin veneer may require additional reinforcements.
Placement
Proper placement is critical for optimal water flow and cosmetic appeal. Most scuppers are installed 6 inches to 18 inches above the water line to create that soothing waterfall effect without excessive splashing.
While raised spas and parapet walls are popular locations, consider your budget, plumbing requirements, and how your installation expert will access the area. Some people find that integrating scuppers into free-standing planters or bowls is easier and more cost-effective than undergoing major renovations.
Of course, the location of your pool can also affect the ideal placement of your scuppers. For instance, careful hydraulic planning may be required for a pool built into a low slope, while a rooftop installation must account for the roof curb, existing drainage, and other features.
Arrangement
The number and layout of your pool scuppers are another vital component of the equation. A single spillway or sheer descent scupper might be the perfect addition to a small, compact pool or zen-inspired spa. Two or more spouts can be strategically spaced to balance long, empty walls and add depth to your design.
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